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Plants need light to grow. However, due to excess nutrients and/or the absence of herbivores less light can reach lower vegetation layers in grasslands. 

The Royal Hawaiian Beach in Waikīkī is a popular beach at the center of Hawai‘i’s tourism hub, with a valuation of $2.2 billion, according to a 2016 study. 

A new analysis led by Oxford University researchers has shown the devastating Hunga Tonga–Hunga Haʻapai eruption in January 2022 created the tallest volcanic plume ever recorded. 

To avoid salt in soil, plants can change their root direction and grow away from saline areas. 

Blue whales, the largest creatures on Earth, are ingesting 10 million pieces of microplastic daily, scientists estimate.